{"id":1472,"date":"2018-05-30T10:04:05","date_gmt":"2018-05-30T08:04:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/topfly-aero.com\/?p=1472"},"modified":"2018-08-28T12:05:45","modified_gmt":"2018-08-28T10:05:45","slug":"meteorological-conditions-always-warmer-always-higher","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/topfly-aero.com\/index.php\/2018\/05\/30\/meteorological-conditions-always-warmer-always-higher\/","title":{"rendered":"4\/8 – Meteorological conditions: always warmer, always higher"},"content":{"rendered":"

[et_pb_section fb_built=\u00a0\u00bb1″ _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb3.0.47″][et_pb_row _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb3.0.48″ background_size=\u00a0\u00bbinitial\u00a0\u00bb background_position=\u00a0\u00bbtop_left\u00a0\u00bb background_repeat=\u00a0\u00bbrepeat\u00a0\u00bb][et_pb_column type=\u00a0\u00bb1_4″ _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb3.0.47″ parallax=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb parallax_method=\u00a0\u00bbon\u00a0\u00bb][et_pb_image src=\u00a0\u00bbhttps:\/\/topfly-aero.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/17-Eruption-of-the-volcano-Copahue-December-22nd-1.jpg\u00a0\u00bb align=\u00a0\u00bbcenter\u00a0\u00bb _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb3.3.1″][\/et_pb_image][et_pb_text _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb3.4.1″]<\/p>\n

Eruption of the volcano Copahu\u00e9 December 22nd d\u00e9cembre<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=\u00a0\u00bb1_2″ _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb3.0.47″ parallax=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb parallax_method=\u00a0\u00bbon\u00a0\u00bb][et_pb_text _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb3.4.1″]The situation was the same and hardly typical of recent years, with however the advantage that the eruption of December 22nd of the volcano Copahu\u00e9, situated 360 north km of Bariloche, did not affect us apart from the need to remain high, between 5.000 and 6.000 m, to overfly the plume of ashes during all our northbound flights, which was never a problem. The observation of the undulations of the plume clearly confirms that the displacement of air particles in a resonating wave system is only a few hundreds of meters, even though this phenomenon goes on until, and likely beyond, the tropopause.
\n[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=\u00a0\u00bb1_4″ _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb3.0.47″ parallax=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb parallax_method=\u00a0\u00bbon\u00a0\u00bb][et_pb_image src=\u00a0\u00bbhttps:\/\/topfly-aero.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/18-Undulations-of-the-plume-of-ashes-every-single-air-particle-moves-only-of-few-hundreds-meters.jpg\u00a0\u00bb align=\u00a0\u00bbcenter\u00a0\u00bb _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb3.3.1″][\/et_pb_image][et_pb_text _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb3.4.1″]<\/p>\n

Undulations of the plume of ashes: every particle moves only of few hundreds meters.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb3.0.48″ background_size=\u00a0\u00bbinitial\u00a0\u00bb background_position=\u00a0\u00bbtop_left\u00a0\u00bb background_repeat=\u00a0\u00bbrepeat\u00a0\u00bb][et_pb_column type=\u00a0\u00bb4_4″ _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb3.0.47″ parallax=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb parallax_method=\u00a0\u00bbon\u00a0\u00bb][et_pb_text _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb3.4.1″]Our local volcano, Puy\u00e9hu\u00e9, having stopped erupting in March 2012, the only ashes were those raised by the NW-NE sector winds, of and small enough not to create any harm for aviation or people.<\/p>\n

The characteristics of these new situations are:<\/h3>\n
    \n
  1. A relatively greater warming of the upper air mass. . As last year, we have taken note of the temperatures at 6.000 m (and often beyond) as much as possible, the data are reported on the fig.1 showing the results of our measurements together with the official QNH at takeoff.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    [\/et_pb_text][et_pb_image src=\u00a0\u00bbhttps:\/\/topfly-aero.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/1.gif\u00a0\u00bb align=\u00a0\u00bbcenter\u00a0\u00bb _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb3.3.1″][\/et_pb_image][et_pb_text _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb3.4.1″]<\/p>\n\n\n\n
    Temperature growth at 6.000 m \u00a0and \u00a0local QNH local function of the date<\/span><\/em><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

    The measurements made at altitudes higher than 6000 m have been reported back to 6000 m according to the law of the standard atmosphere (y=15-0,0065x). The red dotted line shows the temperature data and the red continuous one is the tendency curve. In the same way the blue curves refer to the QNH, right scale. Similarly to the past year, the average temperature at 6000 m evolved from -15\u00b0C at the beginning of the season to -11\u00b0C at the beginning of January, with however important variations from one day to another, the coldest day being December 25th with -21\u00b0C (SW sector wind) and the hottest one being December 30th with -7\u00b0C (wind initially SW turning W-NW).
    \nThe warming of the higher layers is therefore in the range of 8 to 12\u00b0C with respect to the standard, between the beginning and the end of the austral spring, which is so enormous that it can explain the weak energies (in terms of climb rates Vz) that we found this season. But there is worse, because higher the altitude higher the overheating, for example the measurement of -24,5\u00b0C measured at 8.500 m the 30\/12 against -40,2\u00b0C standard, means 15,7\u00b0C overheating. Just crazy. The meteogramme of these days is reported in fig.3. Under these conditions, it is no surprise that the wave of the mythical Domuyo volcano dropped down from 15 m\/s met in 2002 to 3-5 m\/s of these last years, for similar or even higher wind speeds.
    \n[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_image src=\u00a0\u00bbhttps:\/\/topfly-aero.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/3-Meteogramme-of-Bariloche-December-25th-to-29th.gif\u00a0\u00bb align=\u00a0\u00bbcenter\u00a0\u00bb _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb3.3.1″][\/et_pb_image][et_pb_text _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb3.4.1″]<\/p>\n\n\n\n
    \n

    Meteogramme of Bariloche, December 25th to 29th. <\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

    Looking at the red curve, one can observe the gradual increase of the average temperature versus the advancement of the season, a phenomenon that was not obvious the previous year.<\/p>\n

    Fig. 2 shows the trend of this same temperature at 6.000 m versus the QNH. The tendency curve is very coherent but the result is surprising to our European eyes, since high pressure in spring and in summer means high temperature, but in Patagonia it is precisely the opposite. Simply because the steady high pressures were centered west of our position and considering the anticlockwise rotation of the anticyclonic katabatic winds, the air flows directly from the south pole, above a frozen sea without possibility to warm-up on the ground, at best on some glaciers flowing directly into the ocean. However I have to admit that we made measurements only on flying days, therefore days of wind, and that the situation might be different when we were becalmed at the beach.
    \n[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_image src=\u00a0\u00bbhttps:\/\/topfly-aero.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/2-Temperature-at-6.gif\u00a0\u00bb align=\u00a0\u00bbcenter\u00a0\u00bb _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb3.3.1″][\/et_pb_image][et_pb_text _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb3.4.1″]<\/p>\n\n\n\n
    Temperature at 6.000m vs. QNH\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

    2. The persistence of a blocking high pressure centre on the Atlantic at our latitude that shifts the trajectory of the fronts northbound or southbound, creating divergences and rotations whose effect is negative for the stability of the wave systems. A typical TEMSI map is shown in fig. 4.
    \n[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_image src=\u00a0\u00bbhttps:\/\/topfly-aero.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/4-TEMSI-of-a-typical-situation-with-a-blocking-high-pressure.gif\u00a0\u00bb align=\u00a0\u00bbcenter\u00a0\u00bb _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb3.3.1″][\/et_pb_image][et_pb_text _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb3.4.1″]<\/p>\n\n\n\n
    TEMSI of a typical situation with a blocking high pressure<\/span><\/em><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

    3. The periodic appearance of a high pressure cell on the Pacific ocean whose centre is located right at our latitude, or even higher latitudes, i.e. more south,, generating some cold and dry low speed katabatic south flows. The fig.5 shows the situation of December 25th generating a weak south flow (10 to 20kt) but sufficient to produce single waves downwind of every mountain and finally permitting us to make nice sightseeing flights deep into the Cordillera, an area totally obscured by cloud on big wave days.
    \n[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_image src=\u00a0\u00bbhttps:\/\/topfly-aero.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/5-Typical-south-flow-situation-MSL-pressure-and-geopotential.gif\u00a0\u00bb align=\u00a0\u00bbcenter\u00a0\u00bb _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb3.3.1″][\/et_pb_image][et_pb_text _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb3.4.1″]<\/p>\n\n\n\n
    Typical south flow situation, MSL pressure and geopotential\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

    The Fig.6 shows the distribution of the winds at 5.000 m for this same Christmas day, that fits well with the weak katabatic flow, 20kt due south for more than 1.000 km southbound, permitting however very nice flights.
    \n[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_image src=\u00a0\u00bbhttps:\/\/topfly-aero.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/6-Winds-at-5.gif\u00a0\u00bb align=\u00a0\u00bbcenter\u00a0\u00bb _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb3.3.1″][\/et_pb_image][et_pb_text _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb3.4.1″]<\/p>\n

    Winds at 5.000m on December 25th, weak katabatic south flow<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

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    Eruption of the volcano Copahu\u00e9 December 22nd d\u00e9cembre The situation was the same and hardly typical of recent years, with however the advantage that the eruption of December 22nd of the volcano Copahu\u00e9, situated 360 north km of Bariloche, did not affect us apart from the need to remain high, between 5.000 and 6.000 m, […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"on","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[55],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1472","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-patagonia-2012"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/topfly-aero.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1472","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/topfly-aero.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/topfly-aero.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/topfly-aero.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/topfly-aero.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1472"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/topfly-aero.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1472\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3255,"href":"https:\/\/topfly-aero.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1472\/revisions\/3255"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/topfly-aero.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1472"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/topfly-aero.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1472"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/topfly-aero.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1472"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}